程朝阳, 钟柏林, 倪正轩, 景文强, 张施琦, 刘静. 新能源汽车驱动电机用高强无取向硅钢力、磁性能调控研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报, 2023, 45(9): 1482-1492. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.09.06.004
引用本文: 程朝阳, 钟柏林, 倪正轩, 景文强, 张施琦, 刘静. 新能源汽车驱动电机用高强无取向硅钢力、磁性能调控研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报, 2023, 45(9): 1482-1492. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.09.06.004
CHENG Zhaoyang, ZHONG Bolin, NI Zhengxuan, JING Wenqiang, ZHANG Shiqi, LIU Jing. Research progress on simultaneous control of mechanical and magnetic properties of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for new energy vehicle driving motors[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2023, 45(9): 1482-1492. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.09.06.004
Citation: CHENG Zhaoyang, ZHONG Bolin, NI Zhengxuan, JING Wenqiang, ZHANG Shiqi, LIU Jing. Research progress on simultaneous control of mechanical and magnetic properties of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for new energy vehicle driving motors[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2023, 45(9): 1482-1492. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2022.09.06.004

新能源汽车驱动电机用高强无取向硅钢力、磁性能调控研究进展

Research progress on simultaneous control of mechanical and magnetic properties of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel for new energy vehicle driving motors

  • 摘要: 新能源汽车能够有效缓解传统汽车行业对化石燃料的严重依赖和全球所面临的环境问题,是未来发展的必然趋势。驱动电机作为新能源汽车的动力核心,不仅需要具有优异的磁性能提高能源转换效率,同时需要具有高强度来抵抗高速运转时的离心力。然而,无取向硅钢的强度和磁性能难以兼顾,因此无取向硅钢力、磁性能的协同调控是新能源汽车驱动电机发展过程中的一个关键科学问题。本文综述了国内外有关高强无取向硅钢力学性能和磁性能调控的相关研究现状,分析了不同强化方式对无取向硅钢磁性能的影响,指出了新能源汽车驱动电机用高强无取向硅钢力学性能和磁性能协同调控的未来发展趋势,即多种强化方式共同作用或利用细小弥散的纳米共格析出相实现高强无取向硅钢力、磁性能的最佳匹配,为新能源汽车驱动电机用高强无取向硅钢的发展提供借鉴。

     

    Abstract: New energy vehicles can effectively alleviate the severe dependence of the conventional automobile industry on fossil fuels and the environmental problems worldwide. They are an inevitable requirement in the future development of vehicles. As the power core of new energy vehicles, the driving motors should demonstrate excellent magnetic properties to improve energy conversion efficiency and high strength to resist centrifugal forces during high-speed operation. However, the mechanical and magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steels remain challenging to balance. Therefore, their coordinated control is a key scientific issue in developing driving motors used in new energy vehicles. This study reviews the regulation of the mechanical and magnetic properties of high-strength non-oriented silicon steels. Additionally, the influence of various strengthening methods on the magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steels is analyzed. Furthermore, this review highlights the future development of coordinated control of the mechanical and magnetic properties of high-strength non-oriented silicon steels. In non-oriented silicon steels, the dislocation density is relatively low, and the grain size is rather large. Thus, the contribution of dislocation and fine-grain strengthening to the yield strength is minimal. Therefore, by combining fine-grain, dislocation, and solid solution strengthening, the best match in the mechanical and magnetic properties of high-strength nonoriented silicon steels can be obtained. Although the precipitation strengthening effect of alloying elements, such as Nb, Ti, V, and Zr, in nonoriented silicon steels is evident, the carbonitrides formed are coarse-sized and irregularly shaped, which considerably deteriorates the magnetic properties of nonoriented silicon steels. During the early stage of aging treatment, the dispersed Cu precipitates with a BCC structure and fairly small grain size, exhibiting a good strengthening effect. Moreover, these Cu precipitates are coherent with the matrix and exhibit little hindering force on the movement of magnetic domains such that they do not deteriorate the magnetic properties of nonoriented silicon steels. Therefore, employing various strengthening methods or finely dispersed nano-coherent precipitates, nonoriented silicon steels with high strength and excellent magnetic properties can be developed for application in driving motors of new energy vehicles, which is an essential requirement for the high-quality development of the new energy vehicle industry.

     

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