路俊虎, 金磊, 高世桥, 高春晖, 吕庆山, 刘海鹏. 基于驻极体静电俘能器的优化设计与实验测试[J]. 工程科学学报, 2018, 40(4): 492-499. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.04.013
引用本文: 路俊虎, 金磊, 高世桥, 高春晖, 吕庆山, 刘海鹏. 基于驻极体静电俘能器的优化设计与实验测试[J]. 工程科学学报, 2018, 40(4): 492-499. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.04.013
LU Jun-hu, JIN Lei, GAO Shi-qiao, GAO Chun-hui, LÜ Qing-shan, LIU Hai-peng. Optimization design and experimental test of an electret-based electrostatic energy harvester[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2018, 40(4): 492-499. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.04.013
Citation: LU Jun-hu, JIN Lei, GAO Shi-qiao, GAO Chun-hui, LÜ Qing-shan, LIU Hai-peng. Optimization design and experimental test of an electret-based electrostatic energy harvester[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2018, 40(4): 492-499. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2018.04.013

基于驻极体静电俘能器的优化设计与实验测试

Optimization design and experimental test of an electret-based electrostatic energy harvester

  • 摘要: 针对环境中的低频振动能量,建立了一种双端固支梁振动式驻极体静电俘能器理论模型.利用Matlab/Simulink数值仿真对静电俘能器的各项关键参数进行了优化.分别研究了静电俘能器的输出功率、谐振频率、半功率带宽与驻极体表面电位、空气间隙以及负载电阻的关系.在研究中,外部激励加速度幅值及驻极体尺寸保持恒定.数值分析结果如下:(1)存在一个最佳表面电位使得静电俘能器的输出功率达到最大值,随着表面电位的增加,软弹簧效应逐渐增强使得俘能器谐振频率发生偏移,半功率带宽逐渐增大.(2)当表面电位一定时,存在一个最佳初始空气间隙使得功率达到最大,随着间隙的增大,半功率带宽随之减小.(3)当表面电位和空气间隙保持一定时,存在一个最佳负载使得功率达到最大,随着负载的减小,谐振频率发生偏移.(4)当空气间隙一定时,存在一个最佳负载使得带宽达到最大,且表面电位越大,相同负载下的带宽越大.实验测试了不同负载电阻下俘能器的输出特性:输出功率及半功率带宽都随着负载电阻的增大,先增大而后减小.当负载电阻为90MΩ时,对应的最大输出功率为0.188 mW;当负载电阻为330 MΩ时,对应的半功率带宽达到最大值为4.7 Hz.

     

    Abstract: A theoretical model of a vibrating electret electrostatic energy harvester for a double-ended fixed beam was established herein for a low-frequency vibration energy in the environment. The key parameters of the electrostatic energy harvester were optimized by a MATLAB/Simulink numerical analysis. The relationship between the output power, resonant frequency, and half-power bandwidth and the electret surface potential, air gap, and load resistance was also studied. The magnitude of the external excitation acceleration and the size of the electret remained constant. The numerical results are as follows:(1) the existence of an optimal surface potential makes the output power of the electrostatic energy harvester reach the maximum value. The soft spring effect gradually increases with the increase of the surface potential, making the resonant frequency of the energy harvester device shift. The bandwidth also gradually increases. (2) An optimal initial air gap maximizes the power when the surface potential is constant. The half-power bandwidth decreases as the gap increases. (3) An optimal load maximizes the power when the surface potential and the air gap remains constant. The resonant frequency is offset as the load decreases. (4) An optimal load is used to maximize the half-power bandwidth when the air gap is constant. The larger the surface potential, the greater the half-power bandwidth under the same load. Experiments show that the output characteristics of the energy harvester under different load resistances have the following characteristics:with the increase of the load resistance, the output power and the half-power bandwidth increase at the beginning, then decrease. The maximum output power is 0.188 mW when the load resistance is 90 MΩ. In addition, the half-power bandwidth reaches the maximum value of 4.7 Hz when the load resistance is 330 MΩ.

     

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