李长洪, 肖永刚, 王宇, 卜磊, 侯志强. 高海拔寒区岩质边坡变形破坏机制研究现状及趋势[J]. 工程科学学报, 2019, 41(11): 1374-1386. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.07.004
引用本文: 李长洪, 肖永刚, 王宇, 卜磊, 侯志强. 高海拔寒区岩质边坡变形破坏机制研究现状及趋势[J]. 工程科学学报, 2019, 41(11): 1374-1386. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.07.004
LI Chang-hong, XIAO Yong-gang, WANG Yu, BU Lei, HOU Zhi-qiang. Review and prospects for understanding deformation and failure of rock slopes in cold regions with high altitude[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2019, 41(11): 1374-1386. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.07.004
Citation: LI Chang-hong, XIAO Yong-gang, WANG Yu, BU Lei, HOU Zhi-qiang. Review and prospects for understanding deformation and failure of rock slopes in cold regions with high altitude[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2019, 41(11): 1374-1386. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.07.004

高海拔寒区岩质边坡变形破坏机制研究现状及趋势

Review and prospects for understanding deformation and failure of rock slopes in cold regions with high altitude

  • 摘要: 高海拔寒区矿山岩质边坡变形破坏机制研究已取得一定的研究成果,但基于现行理论与技术还难以全面解决未来高寒边坡失稳机理和灾害防控的所有问题,至今尚未建立起完善的高寒边坡开采研究体系和边坡稳定性判别标准. 本文对高寒岩质边坡变形破坏的室内岩石力学试验、边坡物理相似模拟、多场多相耦合数值模拟、变形破坏原位监测、高海拔寒区岩质边坡失稳机理五个方面开展了大量的文献调研,总结高寒岩体变形破坏有关的研究成果,继而对存在的问题进行探讨并分析当前研究的不足,总结出高寒岩质边坡变形破坏研究领域亟待解决的关键问题:一是开采扰动条件下高海拔寒区矿山边坡岩体结构损伤劣化机制,二是冻融循环条件下流−固−气多相多场耦合边坡失稳时效特征与评价方法;并就未来高寒边坡变形和破坏研究方向及发展趋势予以分析,指出开展不同应力路径冻融循环耦合作用下岩体结构损伤劣化机理研究,开展爆破采动条件下高海拔寒区岩质边坡结构面致溃机制及边坡失稳破坏研究,开展地震荷载作用下高海拔寒区节理岩质边坡地震动力响应及致灾规律研究,研究多场多相耦合条件下节理岩体损伤劣化机理,开展高海拔寒区矿山边坡抗寒多参量实时安全监测及失稳预警技术研究五个方面是未来研究的趋势.

     

    Abstract: Research on the deformation and failure mechanism of rock slopes in high-altitude cold areas has obtained certain results, but based on the current theory and technology, it is difficult to comprehensively solve problems related to the cold-slope instability mechanisms and disaster prevention and control. As yet, no overall research system for high-altitude slope mining or criteria for slope stability have been established. In this paper, based on an extensive literature review, five measures of the deformation and failure of alpine rock slopes were presented, including the indoor rock mechanics test, simulation of physically similar slopes, multi-field multi-phase coupled numerical simulation, in-situ monitoring of deformation and damage, and the instability mechanism of rock slopes in high-altitude cold areas. After summarizing the research results related to the deformation and failure of alpine rock masses, existing problems were discussed and current research deficiencies were analyzed. The key problems that require urgent solutions in the research of the deformation and failure of alpine rock slopes were summarized. The first problem is the damage mechanism of a rock mass in a high-altitude cold area under mining disturbance conditions. The second problem is the aging characteristics and evaluation methods of the instability of a flow–solid–gas multi-phase multi-field coupled slope under freeze–thaw cycles. The future research direction and development trends in the deformation and failure of rock slopes in cold regions with high altitude were also analyzed. Research should be conducted on the following: (1) the damage degradation mechanism of rock masses with different stress paths coupled with freeze–thaw cycles, (2) the structural plane collapse mechanism and instability of rock slopes in high-altitude cold areas under the condition of blast mining, (3) the dynamic response and disaster occurrence law of jointed rock slopes in high-altitude cold areas under earthquake loading, (4) the mechanism of damage deterioration of jointed rock masses under multi-field and multi-phase coupling conditions, and (5) real-time safety monitoring and early-warning technology regarding the instability of multi-parameter cold resistance of mine slopes in high-altitude cold areas. These five research areas constitute the trends of future research.

     

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