李蕊, 夏仡, 许磊, 刘建华, 刚瑞奇, 罗铜. 微波水热法快速合成氧化锌纳米棒及其光催化性能[J]. 工程科学学报, 2020, 42(1): 78-83. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.25.003
引用本文: 李蕊, 夏仡, 许磊, 刘建华, 刚瑞奇, 罗铜. 微波水热法快速合成氧化锌纳米棒及其光催化性能[J]. 工程科学学报, 2020, 42(1): 78-83. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.25.003
LI Rui, XIA Yi, XU Lei, LIU Jian-hua, GANG Rui-qi, LUO Tong. Study of rapidly synthesis of ZnO nanorods by microwave hydrothermal method and photocatalytic performance[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2020, 42(1): 78-83. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.25.003
Citation: LI Rui, XIA Yi, XU Lei, LIU Jian-hua, GANG Rui-qi, LUO Tong. Study of rapidly synthesis of ZnO nanorods by microwave hydrothermal method and photocatalytic performance[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2020, 42(1): 78-83. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.05.25.003

微波水热法快速合成氧化锌纳米棒及其光催化性能

Study of rapidly synthesis of ZnO nanorods by microwave hydrothermal method and photocatalytic performance

  • 摘要: 以硫酸锌、醋酸锌和氢氧化锌为原料,制备出氢氧化锌前驱体和氧化锌晶种,在微波水热条件下快速合成了氧化锌纳米棒。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和紫外−可见分光光度计(UV-vis)对氧化锌纳米棒的形貌、结构和光学性质等进行了表征,并通过降解罗丹明B(RhB)测试了样品的光催化性能,探讨了微波辐射作用对产物的催化活性的影响。实验结果表明,氢氧化锌作为前驱体在微波作用下30 min,生成为基于氧化锌纳米棒自组装的三维笼状结构,与常规方法制备的氧化锌纳米棒相比,微波辐射作用下生成的样品结晶度更高。紫外−可见分光光度计结果表明微波辐射会导致合成的氧化锌纳米棒吸收边红移,缩小带隙能量,从而提升氧化锌纳米棒的催化活性。光催化测试表明微波辅助合成的氧化锌纳米棒具有更好的可见光吸收特性,在紫外和可见光照射下,对罗丹明B都具有较好的降解效率,在紫外光照射下80 min内罗丹明B的降解率可达到98.5%。这种微波辅助的合成方法能够在短时间内合成大量的氧化锌纳米材料,具有高效批量制备、清洁环保等优点。

     

    Abstract: Nano-zinc oxide materials have been widely studied and applied due to their excellent photocatalytic properties. In this study, ZnO nanorods were rapidly synthesized via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, using Zn(OH)2 precursor and ZnO seeds that were prepared by zinc sulfate, zinc acetate, and zinc hydroxide as raw materials. The morphology, nanostructure, and optical properties of ZnO nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-vis spectroscopy. To investigate the effect of microwave irradiation on the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO nanorods, the photocatalytic properties of the samples were tested by degrading rhodamine B (RhB) under ultraviolet and visible light for about 80 min. The experimental results indicate that Zn(OH)2 precursor and ZnO seeds can be successfully converted into a three-dimensional cage structure based on the self-assembly of ZnO nanorods in 30 min with microwave irradiation reaction. Compared with the conventional method of synthesizing ZnO nanorods, the samples under microwave irradiation featured a better crystallinity performance. The UV-vis results show that microwave radiation can cause a red shift of the absorption edge of synthesized ZnO nanorods and reduce the band gap energy, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic activity and efficiency of the ZnO nanorods. The photocatalytic test results indicate that ZnO nanorods synthesized by the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method have a better efficiency of light absorption; the samples have a better degradation rate of rhodamine B under the ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. The degradation efficiency of rhodamine B by ZnO nanorods could reach 98.5% within 80 min under ultraviolet light irradiation. The microwave-assisted synthesis method can allow to synthesize a large amount of ZnO nanorods materials in a short time, and it has the advantages of high-efficiency batch preparation and environmental friendliness.

     

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