果春焕, 王泽昌, 严家印, 袁丁, 姜风春, 王建东, 牛中毅. 增减材混合制造的研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报, 2020, 42(5): 540-548. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.18.006
引用本文: 果春焕, 王泽昌, 严家印, 袁丁, 姜风春, 王建东, 牛中毅. 增减材混合制造的研究进展[J]. 工程科学学报, 2020, 42(5): 540-548. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.18.006
GUO Chun-huan, WANG Ze-chang, YAN Jia-yin, YUAN Ding, JIANG Feng-chun, WANG Jian-dong, NIU Zhong-yi. Research progress in additive–subtractive hybrid manufacturing[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2020, 42(5): 540-548. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.18.006
Citation: GUO Chun-huan, WANG Ze-chang, YAN Jia-yin, YUAN Ding, JIANG Feng-chun, WANG Jian-dong, NIU Zhong-yi. Research progress in additive–subtractive hybrid manufacturing[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2020, 42(5): 540-548. DOI: 10.13374/j.issn2095-9389.2019.06.18.006

增减材混合制造的研究进展

Research progress in additive–subtractive hybrid manufacturing

  • 摘要: 增材制造可以制造通过传统方法难以制造的复杂部件,因此在航空工业等领域中得到了大规模的应用。然而,增材制造成形部件的尺寸和几何精度以及表面质量低于传统方法成形的部件,阻碍了增材制造的进一步应用。增减材混合制造将增材制造与传统的加工手段结合,对增材制造成形的部件进行高精度数控加工,以改善部件表面光洁度以及零件的几何和尺寸精度。本文阐述了增减材混合制造的技术原理和研究进展,并指出了未来的发展方向。

     

    Abstract: Compared with the traditional subtractive and equal manufacturing (SM/EM) computer numerical control (CNC) machining, press working, and casting, additive manufacturing (AM) technology has great advantages in the construction of high-complexity parts. Moreover, its material usage rate is high and the production cycle is short. Therefore, AM is the focus of civil aviation and defense industries, which need high-hardness metal materials and precision machining. However, the thermal history of the AM process affects the geometry of the weld pool, causing the workpiece to fail to meet tolerance requirements. Additionally, large temperature gradients and cooling rate inhomogeneity can also lead to excessive residual stress in the formed parts, which may cause deformation or even fracture of the parts. Factors such as poor dimensional and geometric precision, lower surface quality than that in conventionally formed parts, and poor uniformity of material properties hinder further application of AM. To solve the above problems, the concept of additive and subtractive hybrid manufacturing (ASHM) was developed. Additive and subtractive hybrid manufacturing combines AM with traditional machining and material reduction technology on a single work platform. It involves alternating additive and material reduction operations to improve the surface quality and the geometric and dimensional accuracy of the parts and alleviate residual stress in the parts. According to the different characteristics of an energy source for AM, this paper expounded the technical principle and research progress of ASHM based on arc, laser, and other energy sources and introduced the research progress of the ASHM process. The advantages and disadvantages of the application of this technology in the industrial field were analyzed, and the future development direction of the technology was presented. The ASHM process is expected to become more intelligent, integrated, and standardized in the future.

     

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