Abstract: The simulation of bolt joints affects the analysis accuracy of the dynamic characteristics of the whole structure in the dynamic modeling of bolted connection structures. In this study, the mechanical properties of the bolted thin-plate lap joint were simulated based on a nonuniformly distributed virtual material. The parameters of the virtual material were expressed based on a complex modulus, and the complex stiffness matrix can be directly generated to express the stiffness and damping characteristics of the lap joint. The steps used to generate a joint damping matrix in conventional modeling were omitted, and the modeling process was simplified to ensure model accuracy. We established a semianalytical model of a bolted thin plate structure to enable its dynamic analysis. In this study, we first described the modeling concept. The virtual material was assumed to have three types of nonuniform complex modulus distributions to simulate the mechanical properties of the bolted lap joint. We proposed a method for determining the storage modulus and energy dissipation modulus of the virtual material using a reverse identification technique. Based on the energy method and the assumed modes of orthogonal polynomials, we derived a semianalytical model of bolted thin plates and develop an innovative formula for solving the frequency response function at any hammering point and the vibration point of the semianalytical model. Finally, we conducted a case study on a bolted thin plate structure. Results show that the deviation between the simulated natural frequencies calculated using the semianalytical model and the experimental natural frequencies are less than 5%. Further, the calculated model shapes and frequency-response-function curves are close to those obtained based on the measured values. These results prove that a virtual material with a nonuniform complex modulus distribution can effectively simplify the modeling of a bolted joint and achieve high simulation accuracy.