Formation Mechanism of Fine Bubbles in the Shroud Nozzle of a Ladle

Highly turbulent flow in the shroud nozzle of a ladle can split introduced inert gas into fine bubbles, which enhances the removal of fine inclusions from molten steel. The maximum size of the bubbles was obtained through calculating the energy dissipation rate of liquid flow in the shroud. The pressure distribution of the fluid flow within shroud was analyzed with Bernoulli equation as well. The results by theoretic calculations are agreeable with these by water modeling experiment.