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摘要: 为改善塑管混凝土结构的界面密闭性能，研究了在塑管−混凝土界面粘贴一种双面压敏胶带——Preprufe胶带的作用。通过界面黏结强度、界面渗水高度和界面透气性实验，测得塑管混凝土结构的界面黏结强度、界面渗水高度、气体压力−时间衰减曲线，推导出界面渗透指数。试验结果表明，界面黏结强度与粘贴胶带的宽度的关系可初步认为符合幂函数分布，压敏性粘合剂胶层与液态混凝土在硬化过程中形成的黏结强度远大于普通黏性层与塑管间的黏结强度。粘贴Preprufe胶带可显著提高塑管−混凝土界面抗渗能力。界面渗透指数随粘贴胶带的宽度增大呈明显的递减趋势，粘贴220 mm宽胶带的塑管混凝土试件界面渗透指数仅为基准塑管混凝土试件的2.86%。Preprufe双面压敏胶带在改善塑管−混凝土界面密闭性能上有良好的表现。在工程应用中可综合考虑所需效果和价格成本来选取粘贴胶带的宽度。Abstract: Concrete structures, such as bridge piers and pile foundations, in tidal/splash zones and soil–air transition zones in saline environments often suffer more severe structural corrosion and reinforcement corrosion than the structures completely in water, soil, or air. The application of plastic-pipe concrete can effectively solve this problem. Plastic-pipe concrete is formed by pouring concrete into a large-diameter plastic pipe with a certain structural size. Plastic pipes can protect the bridge piers and eliminate the water level change area and the soil–air junction area in structural design, to realize the integrated anti-corrosion protection of the bridge piers in the saline environment. The anti-corrosion protection effect of the plastic-pipe–concrete system depends on the impermeability of the plastic pipe–concrete interface. The difference in linear expansion coefficient between the plastic pipe and concrete and the shrinkage of the core concrete will damage the bonding layer between the plastic pipe and concrete, consequently affecting the interface impermeability. To improve the impermeability of the plastic pipe–concrete interface, the effect of a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape (Preprufe double-sided tape) attached to the plastic pipe–concrete interface was studied. Experiments were conducted to determine the interfacial bond strength, interfacial water penetration height, and interfacial air permeability, and the gas pressure–time decay curve was measured, and the interface permeability index was deduced. The experiment results show that the relationship between the interfacial bond strength and the adhesive tape width can be preliminarily considered as a power function distribution. The bond strength formed between the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the liquid concrete during the hardening process is much greater than that between the ordinary adhesive tape and the plastic pipe. Pasting the Preprufe tapes can significantly improve the impermeability of the plastic pipe–concrete interface. The interfacial permeability index decreases with the increase in the adhesive tape width, and the interfacial permeability index coefficient of plastic pipe–concrete specimens with 220 mm–wide tape is only 2.86% of that of the specimens without tape. The Preprufe double-sided pressure-sensitive tape has good performance in improving the impermeability of plastic pipe–concrete interfaces. In engineering applications, the adhesive tape width can be selected based on the required effect and cost.
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图 2 Preprufe胶带的宏观与微观构造图。（a）宏观构造图；（b, c）微观构造图
Figure 2. Macrostructure and microstructure of the Preprufe tape: (a) macrostructure; (b, c) microstructure
图 3 粘贴Preprufe双面胶带的塑管−混凝土试件
Figure 3. Plastic pipe–concrete specimens with the Preprufe double-sided tape
图 6 界面透气性测试系统。（a）示意图；（b）实物图
Figure 6. Interface airtightness test system: (a) diagram; (b) objects
图 7 PRE-0压力−时间衰减曲线及其拟合曲线
Figure 7. Pressure–time decay curve and its fitting curve of PRE-0
图 8 Preprufe胶带宽度与界面黏结强度的关系
Figure 8. Width of the Preprufe double-sided tape vs interface bonding strength
图 9 核心混凝土渗水高度。（a）外表面；（b）内部
Figure 9. Seepage height of central concrete: (a) surface; (b) inner region
图 11 Preprufe胶带宽度与衰减时间Td的关系。（a）常规数值刻度；（b）对数刻度
Figure 11. Width of the Preprufe double-sided tape vs decay time Td: (a) conventional numerical scale; (b) logarithmic scale
图 12 Preprufe胶带宽度与界面渗透指数Ω的关系。（a）常规数值刻度；（b）对数刻度
Figure 12. Width of the Preprufe double-sided tape vs interface permeability index Ω: (a) conventional numerical scale; (b) logarithmic scale
表 1 C40混凝土配合比及基本性能
Table 1. C40 concrete mix ratio and basic performance
Water /(kg·m−3) Cement /(kg·m−3) Fine aggregate /(kg·m−3) Coarse aggregate /(kg·m−3) Slump /cm 28 d compressive strength /MPa 176 352 732 1140 18 52.0 
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表 2 粘贴不同宽度Preprufe双面胶带的塑管−混凝土界面密闭性能试验结果
Table 2. Test results of impermeability of plastic pipe−concrete interface with Preprefe tape of different widths
Specimens Bond strength/
kPaInterfacial water penetration height Interfacial airtightness Water penetration height/cm Permeability coefficient/(10−7·cm·s−1) Decay time/s Permeability index, Ω/(10−3·s−1) PRE-0 44.6 13.85 2.38 199 9.43 PRE-55 263 0 — 383 4.41 PRE-110 512 0 — 1248 1.11 PRE-220 1070 0 — 3349 0.27 Note: The decay time refers to the time consumed when the pressure in the gasholder decays from 200 to 30 kPa
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