Abstract: The height and concentration of mud layer are two key technical parameters of deep cone thickener, and the research on the relationship between the two is essential for the safe operation of deep cone and the concentration reaching the standard. Firstly, based on the definition of Terzaghi effective stress principle, the applicability of effective stress principle in the pressure analysis of deep cone thickener mud is proved. Secondly, based on the relationship between compression coefficient and mud pressure, the mathematical models of mud height and concentration under different conditions (is a constant andis a variable) were established. Then, the industrial application and difference analysis of the mathematical model are carried out combined with mine examples. The results show that the height and concentration of the mud layer are power function in both cases. Whenis a constant, the change rate of unit concentration mud heigh（dh/dc）decreases with the increase of mud height, and the concentration reaches 100 % when the mud layer height is 29.4 m, which is inconsistent with the reality. Therefore, this model has guiding significance only in the range of critical compression concentration and underflow concentration. Whenis a variable , dh/dc increases gradually with the increase of mud height, and the mud layer is more and more difficult to be compressed. The model is consistent with the reality. Finally, the applicability of the mathematical model in dynamic and static compression process is analyzed from two aspects of compression mechanism and effective stress. According to the mathematical model expression and practical application, based on the traditional division of deep cone thickening process, the mud layer in deep cone thickener is divided into mixed sedimentation area, deceleration compression area and limit compression area based on the change of dh/dc. Revealing the relationship between mud height and concentration has good guiding significance for the accurate control of underflow concentration in actual production.