Abstract: This study primarily analyzes the coevolution principle and derives the coevolution model of synergistic mining technology to promote change in traditional mining technology and make up for some vacancies in the basic theory of synergetic mining technology. First, the system of synergetic mining technology is improved from technology classification and composition aspects. According to the synergetic mining system subsystems, synergetic mining technology is classified into three types, and the three components of synergetic mining technology are analyzed. Second, drawing on biological coevolution, we provide supporting evidence for the coevolution of synergetic mining technology, showing that its formation and implementation are processes of coevolution. We analyze the self-organized evolution conditions and characteristics and reveal the coevolution principle of synergistic mining technology based on the following principles: the premise is an open and nonequilibrium state; the driving force is the nonlinear interaction generated by competition and synergy; the causative factor is the random uptick and downturn; and the pathway is the phase transition and bifurcation. Because the Haken model can effectively study the self-organized coevolution of complex systems, this study argues that constructing the evolution model of synergistic mining technology based on the Haken model is feasible. Along with analyzing the type of coevolution of synergistic mining, this study constructs a coevolution model based on the Haken model, derives the coevolution equations and the potential function of synergistic mining technology, and highlights its significance. The application of the constructed model is ensured by introducing an empirical analysis based on the Haken model, and the application method of the coevolution model of synergetic mining technology is proposed and divided into three steps: constructing the index system, measuring the state of subsystems, and analyzing the coevolution mechanism. It realizes the precise identification of sequential parameters, the quantitative characterization of the synergy degree, and the analysis of the positive and negative feedback mechanisms of the subsystem on the synergetic mining system based on the parameters of the sequential parameter equation. Finally, the applicability and reliability of the model are verified by combining the example of synergetic mining technology in the No. 105 ore body of the Gao Feng Mine. The innovation of the article primarily lies in the following: the coevolution principle of synergistic mining technology is analyzed in depth concerning biological coevolution, and a coevolution model that can be practically applied is established based on the Haken model, quantitatively manifesting the coevolution mechanism of synergistic mining technology and the synergism degree. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the practice and decision-making of synergetic mining technology.