室外大中型压雪车关键技术研究进展及展望

Key technology research and development and prospects for outdoor large- and medium-sized snow groomers

  • 摘要: 2022年北京冬奥会是我国在重要历史节点举办的重大标志性活动,是展现国家形象、振奋民族精神的重要契机. 室外大中型压雪车是冰雪赛事的主要运营装备,其综合性能和制造技术水平不仅是保障赛事顺利进行的必要基础,同时也是我国制造能力、科技实力和国际竞争力等综合国力的直接体现. 本文梳理了国内外压雪车的研究现状,从“需求分析—关键技术攻关—装备研制—应用示范—体系构建”五个层次,开展推进系统、作业系统、整机优化与制造、测试评价四个方面的内容研究,构建室外大中型压雪车雪道路面高效静液驱动控制、轻量化履带可靠性设计、低温环境下橡胶悬挂设计、压雪车雪辊可靠性设计、多变环境下压雪车作业精准控制、压雪车车架及部件结构轻量化设计、室外大中型压雪车试验验证技术及指标体系七项关键技术,国产SG400室外大中型压雪车装备高效、精准、环保、可靠,在2022年北京冬奥会与冬残奥会、2024年第十四届全国冬季运动会滑雪场得到了应用与推广,完全满足国际冰雪赛事对雪道的要求. 最后,展望了压雪车未来的发展趋势,以期推动我国大中型压雪车迈向智能、绿色、环保、高效发展的新阶段.

     

    Abstract: The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics served as a pivotal moment for China, offering a chance to showcase its global image and uplift national pride. A key element of this event was the use of large- and medium-sized snow groomers, which played a crucial role in maintaining optimal conditions for ice and snow sports. These machines not only facilitated the seamless execution of the games but also reflected China’s strength in manufacturing and technology. To meet the growing need for advanced outdoor large- and medium-sized snow groomers, we conducted a thorough review of existing technologies and standards, both locally and abroad. We analyzed challenges such as adapting to different environments, reducing track weight, and ensuring quality control of the body surface. The project systematically addresses the technical challenges in snow groomer propulsion, operating system, overall optimization, manufacturing, testing evaluation, and application. Our goal is to advance the research and development of key components and vehicle technologies to create snow groomers that are highly efficient, reliable, lightweight, and precise. We aim to achieve mass production and establish an effective standard system, reducing China’s reliance of large- and medium-sized snow groomers on foreign imports. Currently, China’s snow groomer industry is still in the starting phase, with a significant gap in design and manufacturing capabilities. Therefore, overcoming the hurdles related to the research and development of key components and vehicle technologies for snow groomers and achieving mass production is an urgent priority. We have conducted research across five levels: demand analysis, key technology research, equipment development, application demonstration, and system construction. This involved focusing on four aspects: promotion system, operation system, whole machine optimization and manufacturing, and testing evaluation. We have explored seven key technologies: high-efficiency static hydraulic drive control for snow road surfaces, lightweight track reliability design, rubber suspension for low-temperature environments, reliability in snow roller vehicles, precise control of snow roller operations in variable environments, lightweight design of snow roller frames and components, and construction of experimental verification technology and indicator system for outdoor large- and medium-sized snow groomers. We have developed the SG400 outdoor large- and medium-sized snow groomer, a model that is efficient, precise, environmentally friendly, and reliable. This snow groomer meets the requirements of international ice and snow events for the track, with performance verified through demonstrations at different ski resorts, such as the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Winter Paralympic Games, and the 14th National Winter Games in 2024. Our efforts resulted in a snow groomer that demonstrates not only high efficiency and reliability but is also lightweight and precise in operation. An effective standard system is now in place, marking a significant shift in China’s snow groomer industry from relying on foreign imports to becoming self-sufficient. This achievement is of great practical significance. Looking ahead, the focus is on advancing snow groomer technology in China by promoting intelligent, green, environmentally friendly, and efficient development.

     

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