“吹塑-萃取”工艺制备隔膜及其在锂离子电池中的应用研究

Battery separator prepared by "blow molding-extraction" process towards lithium ion batteries

  • 摘要: 电池隔膜作为储能器件的关键组成部分直接影响电池的安全性与使用寿命。本研究提出了一种创新的“吹塑-萃取”工艺用于开发高性能聚烯烃电池隔膜。该工艺整合了熔融混合、挤出吹塑、气体充填、纵向拉伸和冷却等多个步骤。首先,通过调节不同组分的比例以及选择适宜的造孔剂,最终获得了63%的孔隙率和115%的吸液率。此外,萃取工序的引入有效地创造了均匀的微孔结构,显著提升了电解质的离子传输效率,隔膜的离子导电率达到0.23 mS·cm-1。组装的电池在0.1 C倍率下实现了166.58 mAh·g-1的放电比容量,并在经过25次循环后仍保持96.11%的库伦效率。这些实验结果表明,“吹塑-萃取”工艺不仅提升了隔膜的整体性能,而且为电池隔膜设计开发提供了一条新的技术路径,极具学术价值和应用潜力。该方法为未来电池技术的发展奠定了坚实基础,推动了电化学储能领域的进一步研究与应用。

     

    Abstract: Battery separators as the key component of energy storage device is crucial for determining the safety and lifespan of batteries. This study introduces an innovative "blow molding-extraction" process for high performance separator development, which effectively integrates key steps, including melt mixing, extrusion blow molding, gas inflation, longitudinal stretching, and cooling. Firstly, by adjusting the component ratios and selecting appropriate pore-forming agents, separators with a porosity of 63% and a liquid absorption rate of 115% were produced. Furthermore, the introduction of the extraction process resulted in a uniform microporous structure that significantly enhanced the ionic transport efficiency of the electrolyte, yielding an ionic conductivity of 0.23 mS·cm-1. The assembled battery demonstrated a discharge specific capacity of 166.58 mAh·g-1 at a 0.1 C rate and maintained a coulombic efficiency of 96.11% after 25 cycles. These findings suggest that the "blow molding-extraction" process not only improves the overall performance of the separator but also provides a novel technological pathway for manufacturing high-end lithium battery separators, showcasing significant academic value and application potential. This method establishes a solid foundation for future advancements in battery technology and fosters further research and applications within the domain of electrochemical energy storage.

     

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