Selection of ecotype dust suppressive factors for simple roadway in open pits

Based on the environmental background of an open pit and the mechanism of dust forming on an automobile soil pavement, the principle of selecting dust suppressive factors such as adhesion, agglomeration and hydrophilicity was established. Sucrose, soluble starch, glycerine, sodium carbonate and sodium silicate were selected and a series of experimental simulations were carried out to test the viscosity, hygroscopic capacity, anti-evaporability at a high constant temperature of 45℃, and anti-jarring performance by milling. In order to analyze dust suppression effect, pure water was used for comparison with the above factors. The results showed that the dust suppressot; which was composed of dissoluble starch, sodium silicate as well as glycerol, possesses a viscosity of 510 mPa·s^-1, a saturated suppressor's hydrophilicity percentage of 63.5% and an evaporation rate per unit area of 0.03 g· cm^-2·h^-1 at 45℃ well as a lasting anti-evaporation time of 65.17 h, provided with high performances of adhesive effect, agglomeration, hydrophilicity, anti-evaporation as well as road surface solidification. Besides, it has strong adsorptive capacity, no secondary dust in insufflation of the dust suppressor; no side effect in mineral preparation and metallurgy as well as is innocuous and harmless to the environment.