Research Progress on the structure of hydration films at solid-liquid interface

The solid-liquid interface is the primary site for chemical reaction, which is critical in the research field of mineralogy, surface science and environmental science. The research on structure of hydration films could support the development for those areas. This review takes mica, calcite and graphite as examples and summarizes the research progresses on the structure of hydration films at solid-liquid interface explored by X-ray reflectivity (XR) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The structures of hydration films on different mineral surfaces are discussed. Besides, the influences of metal cations in solution, dissociation ions on mineral surface as well as the contaminations on mineral surface on the structure of hydration films are reviewed. The structures of hydration films obtained by XR and AFM are compares as well. The objective of this review is to deepen the understanding of the hydration structure at the solid-liquid interface and promote in-depth research on the dynamic behavior of hydrated films.